Cables are the lifeline of wireline logging, forming a direct link between surface operations and downhole tools. Proper handling and maintenance are essential to ensuring the reliability and longevity of cables in cased hole wireline, wireline well logging, and production logging services. Without proper care, cables are prone to premature wear, leading to costly downhole pipe recovery and equipment failure.

Installation: The First Step Toward Longevity

Proper logging cable installation is crucial for minimizing cable fatigue and ensuring smooth operation. Industry best practices include:

• Installing cables under the correct tension to prevent stretching and permanent deformation.
• Spooling tension recommendations based on cable size and breaking strength.
• Maintaining a proper fleet angle during installation to avoid excessive bending and stress.

Seasoning a New Wireline Logging Cable

A new cased hole logging cable requires seasoning to remove residual stretch and allow for controlled torque release. Best practices include:

• Running the cable at 250–300 feet per minute for the first 20 trips to stabilize length and torque conditions.
• Allowing free rotation during early runs to prevent armor loosening and insulation damage.
• Avoiding excessive force on hydraulic pack-offs to prevent premature wear.

Using Pressure Control Equipment Correctly

Wireline pressure control equipment is critical for safe operations in high-pressure well environments. However, improper use can lead to cable damage. Key considerations:

• Pack-offs should not be overtightened when sealing against a moving cable.
• Avoid running the cable with high pack-off tension, which can cause forced rotation and armor separation.
• Ensuring correct alignment of wireline control systems to minimize unnecessary tension.

Selecting the Right Sheave Wheels

Sheave wheels play a major role in cable management. Using the incorrect sheave size can reduce cable life significantly. Best practices include:

• Matching sheave diameter to manufacturer specifications.
• Using grooved sheaves that support at least 120 degrees of cable contact.
• Regularly greasing and inspecting sheaves to prevent excessive friction and heat buildup.

Lubrication: Essential for Longevity

Regular lubrication is necessary to reduce metal-to-metal friction and prevent corrosion in oil field wireline operations. High-quality cable lubricants:

• Reduce wear as the cable passes over sheaves.
• Contain inhibitors to protect against H₂S, CO₂, and acid exposure.
• Should be applied on the final run out of a well and before long-term storage.

Controlling Fleet Angle to Minimize Wear

The fleet angle—the angle between the sheave wheel and the drum—should be maintained between 1.5 and 2 degrees to reduce unnecessary wear. Additional fleet angle considerations:

• Position wireline trucks at an optimal distance from the wellhead.
• Ensure cased hole solutions account for proper cable spooling geometry.
• Keep fleet angles low to prevent uneven spooling and premature cable fatigue.

Handling Horizontal Wireline Applications

In horizontal wireline operations, controlling torque release is essential:

• Running at slow speeds in both vertical and horizontal sections prevents cable twisting.
• Allowing time for torque release in the vertical well section before full retrieval.
• Sending the cable to a line shop for tightening after approximately 40 pump-down runs.

Monitoring Cable Over-Tension Situations

If a cable experiences over 60% of its breaking strength, immediate inspection is required to ensure:

• Armor strands remain intact.
• Electrical continuity is not compromised.
• There are no visible deformities affecting logging performance.

Key Takeaways for Effective Cable Care

• Proper installation tension prevents unnecessary cable stretching.
• Seasoning new cables stabilizes torque conditions and prevents insulation damage.
• Correct sheave sizing and lubrication extend service life.
• Minimizing fleet angle and over-tension events reduces stress and fatigue.
• Regular inspections and maintenance ensure cables remain in optimal condition.

By implementing these best practices, wireline service providers can ensure complete wireline solutions, minimize downtime, and maximize cable longevity in wireline services oil and gas operations.